Calendário econômico

The net data shows the difference between acquisition and disposition of long-term debt securities: a plus sign indicates net purchases of foreign securities by Japanese investors; a minus sign indicates net selling and inflows of funds into Japan. It excludes Bank of Japan.

Foreign Investments in Japanese Stocks refers to the net difference between inflow and outflow of investments in Japanese stock market by foreigners.

The S&P Global Australia Composite PMI, which is a weighted average of the Manufacturing Output Index and the Services Business Activity Index, is compiled by S&P Global from responses to questionnaires sent to survey panels of manufacturers and service providers in Australia. The index tracks variables such as sales, new orders, employment, inventories and prices; and varies between 0 and 100, with a reading above 50 indicating an overall increase compared to the previous month, and below 50 an overall decrease. This is only a limited sample of PMI headline data displayed on the Customer’s service, under licence from S&P Global. Full historic PMI headline data and all other PMI sub-index data and histories are available on subscription from S&P Global. Contact economics@spglobal.com for more details.

In Argentina, retail sales measure the annual change in the value of retail sales in shopping malls in the greater Buenos Aires area.

In Argentina, the Leading Index (ILCIF) anticipates turning points in economic activity throughout the cycle. The index is composed by ten selected series according to their compliance, temporal consistency, economic rationality, representativeness and availability. These series are the following: stock market index of Buenos Aires, Merval Argentina, approved building plans, cement dispatches, bankruptcies, authorized contracts of property transactions, consumer confidence index, M2 Money Supply, metallurgical industry, use of intermediate goods. The index has a base value of 100 as of January of 1993.

Corporate Profits in Russia is balanced financial result (profit minus loss) of organizations, excluding small businesses, banks, insurance companies and budgetary institutions. Corporate Profits is cumulative value.

In Russia, industrial production measures the output of businesses integrated in industrial sector of the economy. Manufacturing is the most important sector and accounts for 55 percent of total production. The biggest segments within manufacturing are: metallurgy (9.6 percent); coke and refined petroleum products (9.5 percent); food beverages and tobacco (8.4 percent); chemicals (4 percent); machinery and equipment (3.8 percent); transport (3.7 percent) and electrical equipment (3.4 percent). Mining and quarrying accounts for 35 percent, and natural gas and crude oil exploration represents 29 percent of total output. Also, electricity, gas and water supply accounts for 11 percent.

Crude Runs refer to the volume of crude oil consumed by refineries.

Change in the number of barrels of crude oil held in storage at the Cushing, Oklahoma during the past week.

India Money Supply M3 includes M2 plus long-term time deposits in banks.

The MBA Weekly Mortgage Application Survey is a comprehensive overview of the nationwide mortgage market and covers all types of mortgage originators, including commercial banks, thrift institutions and mortgage banking companies. The entire market is represented by the Market Index which covers all mortgage applications during the week. This includes all conventional and government applications, all fixed-rate mortgages (FRMs), all adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs), whether for a purchase or to refinance.

The MBA Weekly Mortgage Application Survey is a comprehensive overview of the nationwide mortgage market and covers all types of mortgage originators, including commercial banks, thrift institutions and mortgage banking companies. The entire market is represented by the Market Index which covers all mortgage applications during the week. This includes all conventional and government applications, all fixed-rate mortgages (FRMs), all adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs), whether for a purchase or to refinance.

In the US, the MBA Weekly Mortgage Application Survey is a comprehensive overview of the nationwide mortgage market and covers all types of mortgage originators, including commercial banks, thrift institutions and mortgage banking companies. The entire market is represented by the Market Index which covers all mortgage applications during the week, whether for a purchase or to refinance. The survey covers over 75% of all US retail residential mortgage applications.

Generally, a government bond is issued by a national government and is denominated in the country`s own currency. Bonds issued by national governments in foreign currencies are normally referred to as sovereign bonds. The yield required by investors to loan funds to governments reflects inflation expectations and the likelihood that the debt will be repaid.

In South Africa, core consumer prices measure a broad rise or fall in prices that consumers pay for a standard basket of goods, excluding volatile items such as food and non-alcoholic beverages, fuel and energy.

In South Africa, core consumer prices measure a broad rise or fall in prices that consumers pay for a standard basket of goods, excluding volatile items such as food and non-alcoholic beverages, fuel and energy.

The Westpac-Melbourne Institute Leading Index of Economic Activity combines a selection of economic variables that typically lead fluctuations in economic activity into a single measure that provides a reliable cyclical indicator for the Australian economy. The index includes the following components: S&P/ASX 200, dwelling approvals, US industrial production, RBA Commodity Prices Index (A$), aggregate monthly hours worked, Westpac-MI CSI expectations index, Westpac-MI Unemployment expectations index, yield spread (10Y bond – 90D bill). The index has a base value of 100 as of 1996.

The United States Money Supply M2 includes M1 plus short-term time deposits in banks.

The data come from the Fifth District Survey of Service Sector Activity. Respondents to the survey are firms located within the Fifth Federal Reserve District which includes the District of Columbia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and most of West Virginia. Respondents indicate whether measures of activity rose, were unchanged, or decreased since the last survey. The responses are converted into diffusion indexes by subtracting the percentage of reported decreases from the percentage of increases.

The Richmond Manufacturing Index measures the conditions of the manufacturing sector for the District of Columbia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and most of West Virginia. The index is derived from a survey of 190 manufacturing plants and based on three individual index with the following weights: Shipments (33 percent), New Orders (40 percent) and Employment (27 percent). The index can range between +100 and -100; a reading above zero indicates expansion, while below zero suggests a contraction.

The Richmond Manufacturing Index measures the conditions of the manufacturing sector for the District of Columbia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and most of West Virginia. The index is derived from a survey of 190 manufacturing plants and based on three individual index with the following weights: Shipments (33 percent), New Orders (40 percent) and Employment (27 percent). The index can range between +100 and -100; a reading above zero indicates expansion, while below zero suggests a contraction.

The Johnson Redbook Index is a sales-weighted of year-over-year same-store sales growth in a sample of large US general merchandise retailers representing about 9,000 stores. Same-store sales are sales in stores continuously open for 12 months or longer. By dollar value, the Index represents over 80% of the equivalent 'official' retail sales series collected and published by the US Department of Commerce. Redbook compiles the Index by collecting and interpreting performance estimates from retailers. The Index and its sub-groups are sales-weighted aggregates of these estimates. Weeks are retail weeks (Sunday to Saturday), and equally weighted within the month.

In Mexico, the Retail sales report provides an aggregated measure of sales of retail goods and services over a specific time period. In Mexico, Retail sales are seasonal, volatile and relatively important to the overall economy.

In Mexico, the year-over-year change in Retail sales compares the aggregated sales of retail goods and services during a certain month to the same month a year ago.

In Mexico, the overall index of economic activity measures the evolution of the real sector of the economy, in the short term, providing valuable information for decision-making.

In Mexico, the overall index of economic activity measures the evolution of the real sector of the economy, in the short term, providing valuable information for decision-making.

Poland Money Supply M3 includes M2 plus long-term time deposits in banks.

In Poland, the year-over-year change in Retail sales compares the aggregated sales of retail goods and services during a certain month to the same month a year ago.

In South Africa, the Composite Leading Business Cycle Indicator examines the direction in which real economic activity is moving, in real time. It is calculated on the basis of the following components: building plans approved, new passenger vehicles sold, commodity price index for main export commodities, index of prices of all classes of shares traded on the JSE, job advertisements, volume of orders in manufacturing, real M1, average hours worked per factory worker in manufacturing, interest rate spread, composite leading business cycle indicator of the major trading-partner countries, business confidence index, gross operating surplus as a percentage of GDP. The index has a base value of 100 as of 2010.

In the UK, public sector net borrowing excluding public sector banks (PSNB ex) measures the gap between revenue raised (current receipts) and total spending. Total spending refers to current expenditure plus net investment (capital spending less capital receipts). Public sector net borrowing (PSNB) is often referred to by commentators as “the deficit”.

Indonesia Money Supply M2 includes M1 plus short-term time deposits in banks.

New Zealand imports mainly vehicles (13 percent), nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances (13 percent), fuels (10 percent), electrical machinery and equipment (8 percent), plastics (4 percent) and aircraft, spacecraft (4 percent). Its major import partners are: China (20 percent of total imports), Australia and the US (12 percent each), Japan (7 percent), Germany (5 percent), Thailand and South Korea (4 percent each).

New Zealand’s economy is greatly dependent on international trade. It’s been based traditionally on exports from its very efficient agricultural system. The country exports mainly dairy produce, birds' eggs, natural honey, edible products of animal origin (24 percent of total exports), meat and edible meat offal (14 percent), wood and articles of wood (7 percent), fruit and nuts, peel of citrus fruit or melons (5 percent) and beverages, spirits and vinegar (4 percent). The main export partners are China (18 percent of total exports), Australia (17 percent), the US (12 percent), Japan (6 percent), the UK and South Korea (3 percent each).

In Turkey, Government Debt refers to the central government gross debt stock in local and foreign currencies.

In Canada, producer prices change measures the average change in price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market during a given period.

The raw materials price index (RPMI) reflects the prices paid by Canadian manufacturers for key raw materials. Unlike the industrial product price index, the RMPI includes goods that are not produced in Canada.

In Canada, the Producer Price Inflation MoM measures a month-over-month change in the price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market.

The raw materials price index (RPMI) reflects the prices paid by Canadian manufacturers for key raw materials. Unlike the industrial product price index, the RMPI includes goods that are not produced in Canada.

In India, infrastructure output refers to a combined index that measures the performance of Eight Core Industries: refinery production (weight: 28%), electricity generation (19.9%), steel production (17.9%), coal production (10.3%), crude oil production (8.9%), natural gas production (6.9%), cement production (5.4%) and fertilizers production (2.6%). Infrastructure accounts for nearly 40 percent of India's industrial output.

In Poland, employment growth refers to the annual change of employment in the enterprise sector, which concerns units employing more than 9 persons and conducting economic activity within the scope of the following areas: forestry and logging; marine fishing; mining and quarrying; manufacturing; electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities; construction; wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; transportation and storage; accommodation and food service activities; information and communication; real estate activities; legal and accounting activities; activities of head offices; management consultancy activities; architectural and engineering activities; technical testing and analysis; advertising and market research; other professional, scientific and technical activities; administrative and support service activities; arts, entertainment and recreation; repair of computers and personal and household goods; other personal service activities.

In Poland, Corporate Sector Wages measures year over year change in average monthly gross wage in the enterprise sector.

In Poland, industrial production measures the output of businesses integrated in industrial sector of the economy. Manufacturing is the most important sector and accounts for 86 percent of total production. The biggest segments within Manufacturing are: food products (16 percent of total production); motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers (10 percent); metal products (7 percent), rubber and plastic products (6 percent), electrical equipment (5 percent), coke and refined petroleum products (5 percent), chemicals and chemical products (4 percent), other non-metallic mineral products (4 percent), and basic metals (4 percent). Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply accounts for 8 percent of total output; Mining and quarrying for 3 percent; and Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities for 2 percent.

Producer prices change refers to year over year change in price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market during a given period.

In New Zealand, the most important category in the consumer price index is Housing and Utilities (28 percent of total weight). Food accounts for 18 percent; Transport for 14 percent; Recreation and Culture for 9 percent; Miscellaneous Goods and Services for 8 percent; and Alcoholic beverages and Tobacco for 7 percent. Household Goods and Services; Health; Clothing and Footwear; Communication; and Education account for the remaining 16 percent of total weight.

In Argentina, the Monthly Economic Activity Estimator (EMAE) is a provisional indicator of the evolution of the GDP. Its calculation is structured in the aggregation of the added value at basic prices of each one of the economic activities plus the net taxes of subsidies to the products, using the weights of the national accounts.

US Total Rigs refer to the number of active US rigs drilling in a given week.

US Crude Oil Rigs refer to the number of active US rigs drilling for oil in a given week.

The Index of Consumer Expectations focuses on three areas: how consumers view prospects for their own financial situation, how they view prospects for the general economy over the near term, and their view of prospects for the economy over the long term. Each monthly survey contains approximately 50 core questions, each of which tracks a different aspect of consumer attitudes and expectations. The samples for the Surveys of Consumers are statistically designed to be representative of all American households, excluding those in Alaska and Hawaii. Each month, a minimum of 500 interviews are conducted by telephone.

The Index of Consumer Expectations focuses on three areas: how consumers view prospects for their own financial situation, how they view prospects for the general economy over the near term, and their view of prospects for the economy over the long term. Each monthly survey contains approximately 50 core questions, each of which tracks a different aspect of consumer attitudes and expectations. The samples for the Surveys of Consumers are statistically designed to be representative of all American households, excluding those in Alaska and Hawaii. Each month, a minimum of 500 interviews are conducted by telephone.

The Index of Consumer Expectations focuses on three areas: how consumers view prospects for their own financial situation, how they view prospects for the general economy over the near term, and their view of prospects for the economy over the long term. Each monthly survey contains approximately 50 core questions, each of which tracks a different aspect of consumer attitudes and expectations. The samples for the Surveys of Consumers are statistically designed to be representative of all American households, excluding those in Alaska and Hawaii. Each month, a minimum of 500 interviews are conducted by telephone.

The Index of Consumer Expectations focuses on three areas: how consumers view prospects for their own financial situation, how they view prospects for the general economy over the near term, and their view of prospects for the economy over the long term. Each monthly survey contains approximately 50 core questions, each of which tracks a different aspect of consumer attitudes and expectations. The samples for the Surveys of Consumers are statistically designed to be representative of all American households, excluding those in Alaska and Hawaii. Each month, a minimum of 500 interviews are conducted by telephone.

In India, Foreign Exchange Reserves are the foreign assets held or controlled by the country central bank. The reserves are made of gold or a specific currency. They can also be special drawing rights and marketable securities denominated in foreign currencies like treasury bills, government bonds, corporate bonds and equities and foreign currency loans.

In Turkey, Foreign Exchange Reserves refer to gross foreign exchange reserves held or controlled by the country's central bank, excluding gold.

In India, deposit growth refers to the year-over-year change of the commercial banks deposits.

In India, bank loan growth refers to the year-over-year change of the overall commercial banks credit to the economy, including food credit, non-food credit and loans, cash credit and overdrafts.

The production index in construction measures the evolution of output within the construction sector, including building construction and civil engineering.

Current Account is the sum of the balance of trade (exports minus imports of goods and services), net factor income (such as interest and dividends) and net transfer payments (such as foreign aid).

Current Account is the sum of the balance of trade (exports minus imports of goods and services), net factor income (such as interest and dividends) and net transfer payments (such as foreign aid).

The production index in construction measures the evolution of output within the construction sector, including building construction and civil engineering.

In Germany, the Producer Price Inflation MoM measures a month-over-month change in the price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market.

International trade plays a large role in Malaysian economy. Since 1998, Malaysia have been reporting consistent trade surpluses, mainly due to rise in exports of electrical and electronics products. In 2015, the biggest trade surpluses were recorded with Hong Kong, Singapore, Japan, and United States while the biggest trade deficits with China and Taiwan..

Exports supported by influx of foreign direct investments have been one of the most important factors driving Malaysia’s GDP growth in recent years. Malaysia's main exports are: electrical and electronics products (36 percent), chemicals (7.1 percent), petroleum products (7.0 percent), liquefied natural gas (6 percent), and palm oil (5.1 percent). Malaysia's main export partners are: Singapore (14 percent), China (13 percent), European Union (10 percent), Japan (9.5 percent), the United States (9.4 percent) and Thailand (6 percent).

Malaysia's main imports are: electrical and electronic products (29.4 percent), chemicals (9.5 percent), petroleum products (9.3 percent) and machinery, appliances and parts (8.7 percent). Main import partners are: China (19 percent), Singapore (12 percent), European Union (10 percent), the United States (8.1 percent), Japan (7.8 percent) and Thailand (6.1 percent).

Malaysia is a developing economy in Asia which, in recent years, has successfully transformed from an exporter of raw materials into a diversified economy. The largest sector of the economy is services, accounting for around 54 percent of GDP. Manufacturing sector has been growing in recent years and now accounts for 25 percent of GDP and more than 60 percent of total exports. Mining and quarrying constitutes 9 percent of GDP and agriculture 9 percent.

In Japan, the "core core" inflation rate tracks changes in prices that consumers pay for a basket of goods which excludes prices of fresh food and energy.

Inflation Rate MoM measures month over month change in the price of goods and services.

The Central Bank Balance Sheet represents the total assets held by a central bank. It reflects the scale of monetary policy actions, including holdings like government securities, foreign reserves, and loans to banks. Changes in the balance sheet indicate shifts in policy, such as easing or tightening financial conditions.

Net Treasury International Capital Flows includes all net foreign acquisitions of long-term securities, short-term U.S. securities, and banking flows.

Foreign Bond Investment refers to net purchases of US treasury bonds and notes by foreign individuals or companies. Negative figures indicate net sales by foreigners to US residents or a net outflow of capital from the United States..

Argentina has recorded a trade surplus of 15,99 billion in 2019 . Main exports are: cereals, fats and oils, beef and related products and dairy products (36 percent of total exports);Oilseeds and oleaginous fruits; straw and fodder, and meat and edible offal (12 percent); motor vehicles and parts (10 percent) and crude oil and fuels (5 percent). Main imports are: intermediate goods (35 percent of total imports), parts and accessories for capital goods (21 percent), capital goods (17 percent), consumer goods (13 percent), fuels and lubricants (9 percent) and motor vehicles (5 percent). Main trading partners are: Brazil (16 percent of total exports and 21 percent of imports), European Union (14 percent of exports and 14 percent of imports) China (11 percent of exports and 19 percent of imports) and United States, Mexico and Canada (8 percent of exports and 16 percent of imports). Others include: Chile, Italy and Spain.

The Primary Mortgage Market Survey (PMMS) is focused on conventional, conforming, fully amortizing home purchase loans for borrowers who put 20 percent down and have excellent credit. Average commitment rates should be reported along with average fees and points to reflect the total upfront cost of obtaining the mortgage. The interest rate a lender would charge to lend mortgage money to a qualified borrower exclusive of the fees and points required by the lender. This commitment rate applies only to conventional financing on conforming mortgages with loan-to-value rates of 80 percent or less.

Natural Gas Stocks Change refers to the weekly change of the natural gas supply situation.

In Canada, the data series on international transactions in securities covers portfolio transactions in equity and investment fund shares, bonds and money market instruments for both Canadian and foreign issues. This activity excludes transactions in equity and debt instruments between affiliated enterprises, which are classified as foreign direct investment in international accounts.

In Canada, the data series on international transactions in securities covers portfolio transactions in equity and investment fund shares, bonds and money market instruments for both Canadian and foreign issues. This activity excludes transactions in equity and debt instruments between affiliated enterprises, which are classified as foreign direct investment in international accounts.

Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing Index is based on The Business Outlook Survey of manufacturers in the Third Federal Reserve District. Participants report the direction of change in overall business activity and in the various measures of activity at their plants: employment, working hours, new and unfilled orders, shipments, inventories, delivery times, prices paid, and prices received. The index above 0 indicates factory-sector growth, below 0 contraction.

Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing Index is based on The Business Outlook Survey of manufacturers in the Third Federal Reserve District. Participants report the direction of change in overall business activity and in the various measures of activity at their plants: employment, working hours, new and unfilled orders, shipments, inventories, delivery times, prices paid, and prices received. The index above 0 indicates factory-sector growth, below 0 contraction.

Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing Index is based on The Business Outlook Survey of manufacturers in the Third Federal Reserve District. Participants report the direction of change in overall business activity and in the various measures of activity at their plants: employment, working hours, new and unfilled orders, shipments, inventories, delivery times, prices paid, and prices received. The index above 0 indicates factory-sector growth, below 0 contraction.

Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing Index is based on The Business Outlook Survey of manufacturers in the Third Federal Reserve District. Participants report the direction of change in overall business activity and in the various measures of activity at their plants: employment, working hours, new and unfilled orders, shipments, inventories, delivery times, prices paid, and prices received. The index above 0 indicates factory-sector growth, below 0 contraction.

Retail Sales Ex Gas and Autos in the US provides aggregated measure of sales of retail goods and services excluding motor vehicle dealers and gasoline station over a period of a month.

In the United States, the year-over-year change in Retail sales compares the aggregated sales of retail goods and services during a certain month to the same month a year ago.

In the United States, Export Prices correspond to the rate of change in the prices of goods and services sold by residents of that country to foreign buyers. Export Prices are heavily affected by exchange rates.

Philadelphia Fed Manufacturing Index is based on The Business Outlook Survey of manufacturers in the Third Federal Reserve District. Participants report the direction of change in overall business activity and in the various measures of activity at their plants: employment, working hours, new and unfilled orders, shipments, inventories, delivery times, prices paid, and prices received. The index above 0 indicates factory-sector growth, below 0 contraction.

In the United States, Import Prices correspond to the rate of change in the prices of goods and services purchased by residents of that country from, and supplied by, foreign sellers. Import Prices are heavily affected by exchange rates.

Continuing Jobless Claims refer to actual number of unemployed and currently receiving unemployment benefits who filed for unemployment benefits at least two weeks ago.

CFIB’s Business Barometer tracks small business confidence, expectations and operating conditions in Canada. It was revised as of the May 2009 issue. It is based on the same survey question on 12-month future business performance expectations collected annually 1987-2000, quarterly 2001-2008 and monthly since late 2008. The index is a weighted average of response scores: 100 for stronger performance, 50 for same performance, and 0 for weaker performance. The data are not seasonally adjusted.

Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) conducts a monthly building statistics survey collecting information regarding building plans passed and buildings completed, financed by the private sector, from the largest local government institutions in South Africa. According to these institutions, they are not always notified about low-cost housing projects and therefore do not include the bulk of low-cost dwelling-houses. The monthly survey represents approximately 90 percent of the total value of buildings completed. The statistical unit for the collection of information is a local government institution. Local government institutions include district municipalities, metropolitan municipalities and local municipalities.

Inflation Rate MoM measures month over month change in the price of goods and services.

In Euro Area, the inflation rate is calculated using the weighted average of the Harmonised Index of Consumer Price (HICP) aggregates. The main components of the HICP are: food, alcohol and tobacco (21 percent of the total weight), energy (11 percent), non-energy industrial goods (27 percent) and services (42 percent). The HICP aggregates are computed as the weighted average of each country’s HICP components. The weight of a country is its share of household final monetary consumption expenditure in the total of the country’s group. The local HICPs are supplied to the Eurostat by the National Statistical Institutes.

In Euro Area, the core inflation rate is calculated using the weighted average of the Harmonised Index of Consumer Price (HICP) aggregates, excluding energy, food, alcohol & tobacco that face volatile price movements.

In Indonesia, loan growth refers to year over year change in total value of outstanding credits of commercial banks.

In the United Kingdom, Average Earnings Excluding Bonuses refers to changes in average weekly earnings, before tax and other deductions and excluding bonuses.

In the UK, the number of payrolled employees is defined as the number of people receiving paid remuneration included in PAYE RTI within the reference period, including people who have not done work but are an employee - such as those on paid leave.

Claimant count in the United Kingdom measures the change in the number of people claiming unemployment related benefits.

In Australia, persons employed part time are those employed persons who usually worked less than 35 hours a week in all jobs.

The labour force participation rates is the number of persons who are employed and unemployed but looking for a job divided by the total working-age population.

In Australia, Melbourne Institute Inflation Expectations survey measures consumers’ median expectations for price growth over the coming 12 months.

Foreign Investments in Japanese Stocks refers to the net difference between inflow and outflow of investments in Japanese stock market by foreigners.

The net data shows the difference between acquisition and disposition of long-term debt securities: a plus sign indicates net purchases of foreign securities by Japanese investors; a minus sign indicates net selling and inflows of funds into Japan. It excludes Bank of Japan.

Japan's main imports are mineral fuels (22 percent of total imports), with petroleum accounting for 10 percent and LNG for 6 percent; electrical machinery (15 percent) on the back of telephony, telegraphy and semiconductors; chemicals (10 percent) due to medical products and organic chemicals; machinery (10 percent) in particular computers and units; foodstuff (9 percent) such as fish and fish preparations and meat and meat preparations; manufactured goods (9 percent) on nonferrous metals; and raw materials (6 percent) mainly ore of nonferrous and iron ore and concentrates. Japan's main import partners were China (23 percent), the EU (12 percent) in particular Germany (3 percent), the US (11 percent), Australia (6 percent), South Korea (4 percent), Saudi Arabia (4 percent), Taiwan (4 percent), the UAE (4 percent) and Thailand (4 percent).

The Reuters Tankan is a monthly survey of leading Japanese companies, and it was formally known as Telerate Tankan until it was renamed after the acquisition of Quick Money line Telerate Corp. by Thomson Reuters Group. It covers a panel of 200 manufacturers and 200 non-manufacturers. The monthly figures are designed to provide early indications of the BOJs quarterly tankan. The indexes are derived by subtracting the percentage of respondents who say business conditions are poor from the percentage of those who say they are good.

In New Zealand, the food price index (FPI) measures the changes in prices that households pay for food.

In the United States, the authority to set interest rates is divided between the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve (Board) and the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC). The Board decides on changes in discount rates after recommendations submitted by one or more of the regional Federal Reserve Banks. The FOMC decides on open market operations, including the desired levels of central bank money or the desired federal funds market rate.

Producer prices change refers to year over year change in price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market during a given period.

In Russia, the Producer Price Inflation MoM measures a month-over-month change in the price of goods and services sold by manufacturers and producers in the wholesale market.

Crude Runs refer to the volume of crude oil consumed by refineries.

Change in the number of barrels of crude oil held in storage at the Cushing, Oklahoma during the past week.

Capacity utilization rate is used to measure the rate at which potential output levels are being met or used. The capacity indexes cover all facilities located in the United States, regardless of their ownership; and are constructed for 89 detailed industries (71 in manufacturing, 16 in mining, and 2 in utilities).

Manufacturing production measures the output of businesses operating in the manufacturing sector. It is the most important sector and accounts for 78 percent of total production. The biggest segments within the sector are: Chemicals (12 percent of total production); food, drink and tobacco (11 percent); machinery (6 percent); fabricated metal products (6 percent); computer and electronic products (6 percent); and motor vehicles and parts (6 percent).

In the United States, industrial production measures the output of businesses integrated in industrial sector of the economy. Manufacturing is the most important sector and accounts for 78 percent of total production. The biggest segments within Manufacturing are: Chemicals (12 percent of total production); food, drink and tobacco (11 percent); machinery (6 percent); fabricated metal products (6 percent); computer and electronic products (6 percent); and motor vehicles and parts (6 percent). Mining and quarrying account for 11 percent of production and utilities account for the remaining 11 percent.

Manufacturing production measures the output of businesses operating in the manufacturing sector. It is the most important sector and accounts for 78 percent of total production. The biggest segments within the sector are: Chemicals (12 percent of total production); food, drink and tobacco (11 percent); machinery (6 percent); fabricated metal products (6 percent); computer and electronic products (6 percent); and motor vehicles and parts (6 percent).

In the United States, the Producer Price Index for final demand excluding food, energy, and trade services accounts for around 68% of the total Producer Price Index for final demand.

In the United States, the core Producer Price Index (PPI) measures average changes in prices received by domestic producers for their output excluding volatile items such food and energy.

In the United States, the Producer Price Index for final demand excluding food, energy, and trade services accounts for around 68% of the total Producer Price Index for final demand.

In the United States, the Producer Price Index for final demand measures price change for commodities sold for personal consumption, capital investment, government, and export. It is composed of six main price indexes: final demand goods (33 percent of the total weight), which includes food and energy; final demand trade services (20 percent); final demand transportation and warehousing services (4 percent); final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing (41 percent); final demand construction (2 percent); and overall final demand.

In the United States, the Producer Price Index for final demand measures price change for commodities sold for personal consumption, capital investment, government, and export. It is composed of six main price indexes: final demand goods (33 percent of the total weight), which includes food and energy; final demand trade services (20 percent); final demand transportation and warehousing services (4 percent); final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing (41 percent); final demand construction (2 percent); and overall final demand.

In Poland, the core inflation rate tracks changes in prices that consumers pay for a basket of goods which excludes some volatile price items.

In South Africa, the year-over-year change in Retail sales compares the aggregated sales of retail goods and services during a certain month to the same month a year ago.

The MBA Weekly Mortgage Application Survey is a comprehensive overview of the nationwide mortgage market and covers all types of mortgage originators, including commercial banks, thrift institutions and mortgage banking companies. The entire market is represented by the Market Index which covers all mortgage applications during the week. This includes all conventional and government applications, all fixed-rate mortgages (FRMs), all adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs), whether for a purchase or to refinance.

In the US, the MBA Weekly Mortgage Application Survey is a comprehensive overview of the nationwide mortgage market and covers all types of mortgage originators, including commercial banks, thrift institutions and mortgage banking companies. The entire market is represented by the Market Index which covers all mortgage applications during the week, whether for a purchase or to refinance. The survey covers over 75% of all US retail residential mortgage applications.

The MBA Weekly Mortgage Application Survey is a comprehensive overview of the nationwide mortgage market and covers all types of mortgage originators, including commercial banks, thrift institutions and mortgage banking companies. The entire market is represented by the Market Index which covers all mortgage applications during the week. This includes all conventional and government applications, all fixed-rate mortgages (FRMs), all adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs), whether for a purchase or to refinance.

In South Africa, the Retail sales report provides an aggregated measure of sales of retail goods and services over a specific time period. In South Africa, Retail sales are seasonal, volatile and relatively important to the overall economy.

The Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) is an indicator of inflation and price stability for the European Central Bank (ECB). The HICP is compiled by Eurostat and the national statistical institutes in accordance with harmonised statistical methods. The ECB aims to maintain annual inflation rates as measured by the HICP below, but close to, 2% over the medium term.

In Italy, the most important categories in the Consumer Price Index are: food and non-alcoholic beverages (16 percent of total weight); transport (15 percent); restaurants and hotels (12 percent); housing, water, electricity and other fuels (10 percent); and miscellaneous goods and services (10 percent). The index also includes: health (9 percent); recreation and culture (8 percent); clothing and footwear (7 percent); and furnishing and household equipment (7 percent). Alcoholic beverages, tobacco, communication and education contribute with the remaining 6 percent.

In Italy, the most important categories in the Consumer Price Index are: food and non-alcoholic beverages (18 percent of total weight); transport (14 percent); and housing, water, electricity and other fuels (11 percent). The index also includes: miscellaneous goods and services (9 percent); restaurants and hotels (9 percent); health (9 percent); furnishings, household equipment and maintenance (8 percent); recreation and culture (7 percent); and clothing and footwear (6 percent). Alcoholic beverages and tobacco, communication, and education contribute to the remaining 7 percent of total weight.

The Deposit Interest Rate is the average rate paid by commercial banks to individuals or corporations on deposits.

In Indonesia, lending rate refers to central bank lending facility rate.

In the United Kingdom, the core inflation rate tracks changes in prices that consumers pay for a basket of goods which excludes some volatile price items.

In the UK, the RPI index covers only private households but excludes the top 4% of households by income and pensioner households who receive at least three-quarters of their income from benefits. The index was initially developed as a compensation index, derived from an index designed as an aid to protect ordinary workers from price increases associated with the First World War. The RPI provides estimates of inflation from 1947 onwards with the first official release of consumer price inflation being produced in January 1956. Until the introduction of the UK CPI in 1996, the RPI and its derivatives were the only measures of UK consumer price inflation available to users.

In the United Kingdom, Producer Price Inflation MoM measures the month-over-month price changes of goods bought and sold by manufacturers and provides an important measure of inflation. The factory gate price (the output price) is the price of goods sold by UK manufacturers. It includes costs such as labour, raw materials and energy, as well as interest on loans, site or building maintenance, or rent and excludes taxes.

In the United Kingdom, the Core Producer Price Index is a monthly survey that measures the price changes of goods bought and sold by manufacturers excluding food, beverages, tobacco and petroleum products.

In the United Kingdom, the Producer Price Index (PPI) is a monthly survey that measures the price changes of goods bought and sold by manufacturers and provides an important measure of inflation. The factory gate price (the output price) is the price of goods sold by UK manufacturers. It includes costs such as labour, raw materials and energy, as well as interest on loans, site or building maintenance, or rent and excludes taxes..

The input price measures the price of materials and fuels bought by UK manufacturers for processing. It includes materials and fuels that are both imported or sourced within the domestic market. It is not limited to materials used in the final product but includes what is required by businesses in their normal day-to-day running, such as fuels.

The input price measures the price of materials and fuels bought by UK manufacturers for processing. It includes materials and fuels that are both imported or sourced within the domestic market. It is not limited to materials used in the final product but includes what is required by businesses in their normal day-to-day running, such as fuels.

In the United Kingdom, the Core Producer Price Index is a monthly survey that measures the price changes of goods bought and sold by manufacturers excluding food, beverages, tobacco and petroleum products.

In the UK, the RPI index covers only private households but excludes the top 4% of households by income and pensioner households who receive at least three-quarters of their income from benefits. The index was initially developed as a compensation index, derived from an index designed as an aid to protect ordinary workers from price increases associated with the First World War. The RPI provides estimates of inflation from 1947 onwards with the first official release of consumer price inflation being produced in January 1956. Until the introduction of the UK CPI in 1996, the RPI and its derivatives were the only measures of UK consumer price inflation available to users.

The Johnson Redbook Index is a sales-weighted of year-over-year same-store sales growth in a sample of large US general merchandise retailers representing about 9,000 stores. Same-store sales are sales in stores continuously open for 12 months or longer. By dollar value, the Index represents over 80% of the equivalent 'official' retail sales series collected and published by the US Department of Commerce. Redbook compiles the Index by collecting and interpreting performance estimates from retailers. The Index and its sub-groups are sales-weighted aggregates of these estimates. Weeks are retail weeks (Sunday to Saturday), and equally weighted within the month.

In Canada, Manufacturing Sales provides a current 'snapshot' of sales of goods manufactured values by the Canadian manufacturing sector, enabling analysis of the state of the Canadian economy, as well as the health of specific industries in the short- to medium-term.

In Canada, New Motor Vehicle Sales refers to the number of new motor vehicles sold during a month, including passenger cars and trucks.

CPI median is a measure of core inflation corresponding to the price change located at the 50th percentile (in terms of the CPI basket weights) of the distribution of price changes in a given month. This measure helps filter out extreme price movements specific to certain components. This approach is similar to CPI-trim as it eliminates all the weighted monthly price variations at both the bottom and top of the distribution of price changes in any given month, except the price change for the component that is the midpoint of that distribution.

CPI Trimmed is a measure of core inflation that excludes CPI components whose rates of change in a given month are located in the tails of the distribution of price changes. This measure helps filter out extreme price movements that might be caused by factors specific to certain components. In particular, CPI-trim excludes 20 percent of the weighted monthly price variations at both the bottom and top of the distribution of price changes, and thus it always removes 40 percent of the total CPI basket.

The Global Dairy Trade Price Index measures the weighted-average price of nine dairy products sold at auction every two weeks in New Zealand.

In South Africa, gold production accounts for 16 percent of total mining production.

In South Africa, the index of the volume of mining production is a statistical measure of the change in the volume of production. Coal is the most important sector and accounts for 24 percent of total mining production, followed by PGMs (23 percent); gold (16 percent); iron ore (12 percent); other non-metallic minerals (6 percent); diamonds (4 percent); manganese ore and chromium ore (3 percent each); other metallic minerals, building materials and nickel (2 percent each), and copper (1 percent).

In South Africa, the index of the volume of mining production is a statistical measure of the change in the volume of production. Coal is the most important sector and accounts for 24 percent of total mining production, followed by PGMs (23 percent); gold (16 percent); iron ore (12 percent); other non-metallic minerals (6 percent); diamonds (4 percent); manganese ore and chromium ore (3 percent each); other metallic minerals, building materials and nickel (2 percent each), and copper (1 percent).

In Germany, the ZEW Current Conditions Index measures the level of optimism that analysts have about the current economic situation. The survey covers up to 350 financial and economic analysts. The index is constructed as the difference between the percentage share of analysts that are optimistic and the percentage of analysts that are pessimistic about the economy. Therefore, the ZEW indicator measures the confidence on a scale of -100 (all analysts see deteriorating economic conditions) up to 100 (all analysts see improving economic conditions). A 0 value indicates neutrality.

India main imports are: mineral fuels, oils and waxes and bituminous substances (27 percent of total imports); pearls, precious and semi-precious stones and jewelry (14 percent); electrical machinery and equipment (10 percent); nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances (8 percent); and organic chemicals (4 percent). India’s major import partners are: China (16 percent of total imports), the United States (6 percent), United Arab Emirates (6 percent), Saudi Arabia (5 percent) and Switzerland (5 percent).

In recent years, India exported mostly: pearls, precious and semi-precious stones and jewelry (16 percent of total shipments); mineral fuels, oils and waxes and bituminous substances (12 percent); vehicles, parts and accessories (5 percent); nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery and mechanical appliances (5 percent); pharmaceutical products (5 percent); and organic chemicals (4 percent). India’s main export partners are: United States (15 percent of the total exports), United Arab Emirates (11 percent), Hong Kong (5 percent), China (4 percent), Singapore (4 percent) and United Kingdom (3 percent).

In Euro Area, industrial production measures the output of businesses integrated in industrial sector of the economy such as manufacturing, mining, and utilities.

In Poland, the most important categories in the consumer price index are: Food and non-alcoholic beverages (25 percent of the total weight); Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels (19 percent); Transport (10 percent); Recreation and Culture (6 percent); Alcoholic beverages and tobacco (6 percent), Restaurants and hotels (6 percent); Furnishings, household equipment, routine household maintenance (6 percent); and Miscellaneous goods and services (6 percent). Health, Clothing and footwear, Communication and Education account for the remaining 15 percent of total weight.

In Poland, the most important categories in the consumer price index are: Food and non-alcoholic beverages (24 percent of the total weight); Housing energy/maintenance (21 percent); Transport (9 percent); Recreation and Culture (7 percent). Alcohol and tobacco, Health, Other goods and services, and Clothing account for 6 percent each. Communication, Restaurants and Hotels, Household Equipment and Education account for the remaining 17 percent of total weight.

The government budget balance is the difference between government revenues and expenses. The budget is balanced when outlays equal to receipts, the country reports budget surplus when revenues are higher than expenses and deficit when expenses exceed the revenues.

Inflation Rate MoM measures month over month change in the price of goods and services.

In Spain, the core inflation rate tracks changes in prices that consumers pay for a basket of goods which excludes some volatile price items.

In Spain, the most important categories in the Consumer Price Index are: Foods & Non-alcoholic Beverages (23% of the total weight), Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels (14%), Restaurants & Hotels (13%) and Transport (13%). The index also includes: Recreation & Culture (6%), Miscellaneous Goods & Services (6%), Clothing & Footwear (6%), Furnishings, Household Equipment & Routine Maintenance (6%), Health (4%), Communications (4%), Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco (3%), and Education (2%).

The Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) is an indicator of inflation and price stability for the European Central Bank (ECB). The HICP is compiled by Eurostat and the national statistical institutes in accordance with harmonised statistical methods. The ECB aims to maintain annual inflation rates as measured by the HICP below, but close to, 2% over the medium term.

Exports have been an engine of economic growth in Indonesia. However, after reaching a peak in 2012, it have been in a steady decline due to lower commodity prices and dwindling global demand. Major exports are: oil and gas (12.4 percent of the total exports, of those gas 6.9 percent, crude oil 4.3 percent and oil products 1.2 percent); animal and vegetable fats and oils (14 percent); and electrical equipment and machinery (10.45 percent). Other exports include: footwear, part of such articles (3.4 percent); garments not knitted (3 percent) and ores, slag and ash (2.5 percent). Major export partners are: the United States (11.6 percent), China (10 percent of the total exports), Japan (9.9 percent), India (8.8 percent) and Singapore (7 percent).

From 2004 to 2012, imports to Indonesia tripled, as large portion of the population entered middle-class and propelled higher purchases of oil and consumption goods. However, starting in mid-2013, imports have been declining due to low commodity prices and weak domestic consumption and investment. Main imports products are: oil and gas (around 17 percent of total imports), nuclear reactions, boilers, mechanical appliances (19 percent); iron and steel (5.4 percent), organic chemical materials (4.8 percent) and vehicles (4.5 percent). Main import partners are: China (25 percent of the total imports), Japan (11 percent), Singapore (7.6 percent), Thailand (6.8 percent) and the United States (6.4 percent).

In China, Capacity Utilization is the difference between the potential and actual use of an input. Capacity utilization is high when actual output is close to potential output because the most use is being made of labor and capital. The survey includes about 90,000 industrial enterprises.

In China, Urban Surveyed Unemployment Rate is calculated by a sample survey, which refers to the ratio of urban unemployed population to the sum of the employed population and the unemployed population.

The most important categories in the CPI basket in the Great Buenos Aires area are food and beverages (23 percent of the total weight), transport (12 percent) and restaurants and hotels (11 percent). Housing and utilities (11 percent); health (9 percent);clothing and footwear (9 percent); recreation and culture (8 percent); household maintenance and equipment (6 percent); miscellaneous goods and services (4 percent); alcoholic beverages and tobacco (3 percent); education (3 percent); and communication (3 percent) for the remaining. The CPI index has a base of 100 as of December of 2016 and covers the Buenos Aires metropolitan area and its 24 districts.

Inflation Rate MoM measures month over month change in the price of goods and services.

In the Euro Area, benchmark interest rate is set by the Governing Council of the European Central Bank. The primary objective of the ECB’s monetary policy is to maintain price stability which is to keep inflation below, but close to 2 percent over the medium term. In times of prolonged low inflation and low interest rates, ECB may also adopt non-standard monetary policy measures, such as asset purchase programmes. The official interest rate is the Main refinancing operations rate.

The Monthly Wholesale Trade Survey presents estimates of monthly sales for wholesale merchants in Canada, providing information on the performance of the wholesale trade sector as an important indicator of the health of the Canadian economy. In addition, the business community uses the data to analyse market performance.

In Brazil, the Economic Activity Index (IBC-Br) is considered as a preview of the GDP figures and it is widely used by the Central Bank's Monetary Policy Committee to determine whether to modify basic interest rate. The index reflects the performance of the three main sectors of the economy: agriculture, industry and services and has a base value of 100 as of 2002.

From the beginning of the past decade, Poland’s foreign trade turnover increased almost ten-fold. Poland exports processed fruit and vegetables, meat, dairy products, electromechanical products, vehicles, aircraft and vessels. Most of Poland's imports are capital goods needed for industrial retooling and for manufacturing inputs like machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, minerals, fuels and lubricants. European Union is by far its largest trading partner accounting for about 79% of exports and 64% of imports.

Current Account is the sum of the balance of trade (exports minus imports of goods and services), net factor income (such as interest and dividends) and net transfer payments (such as foreign aid).

Inflation Rate MoM measures month over month change in the price of goods and services.

China Money Supply M2 includes M1 plus short-term time deposits in banks.